There is a shortage of student housing in Scotland. This is due to rising student numbers and an imbalance between supply and demand. Rising higher education (HE) costs and a lack of affordable housing options contribute to student housing insecurity and homelessness.

Increased participation in HE has worsened these pressures. International students face additional challenges such as guarantor requirements and a lack of family support. PBSA developments are often high-end and can price out students with limited economic resources.

The inflow of students in certain areas can lead to tension with residents, negative societal perceptions, and policies that marginalise student renters. Other structural issues include limited tenancy lengths, unaffordable rents, and discrimination against students by landlords.

Many students may be engaged in hidden homelessness behaviours like sofa-surfing due to stigma and inadequate support. This makes it difficult to gauge the extent of the issue.